Ecosystem-related Sustainable Development Goals are identified as:
- SDG 2 – ending hunger, achieving food security and improved nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture.
- SDG 6 – ensuring availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
- SDG 7 – ensuring access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all.
- SDG 14 – conserving and sustainably using the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.
- SDG 15 – protecting, restoring and promoting sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably managing forests, combating desertification, and halting and reversing land degradation and halting biodiversity loss.
A total of 42 indicators from these Goals are considered environment-related indicators and are further discussed in this chapter.